Practice the most important Physics MCQ Questions with Answers for SSC, Railway, Banking, Police, Defence and other competitive exams. These carefully selected multiple choice questions cover Motion, Force, Work, Energy, Heat, Light, Sound, Electricity, Magnetism and other important Physics topics. Every question includes four options, the correct answer and a brief explanation for quick revision.
Q1. The SI unit of force is:
A. Joule
B. Newton
C. Watt
D. Pascal
View Answer
Force is measured in newtons (N) in the SI system. One newton is the force required to accelerate a 1 kg mass by 1 m/s².
Q2. The SI unit of work is:
A. Watt
B. Newton
C. Joule
D. Pascal
View Answer
Work is measured in joules (J). One joule equals one newton metre.
Q3. The SI unit of power is:
A. Joule
B. Watt
C. Volt
D. Ampere
View Answer
Power is the rate of doing work and its SI unit is watt (W).
Q4. The SI unit of energy is:
A. Joule
B. Newton
C. Watt
D. Kelvin
View Answer
Energy is measured in joules in the SI system.
Q5. The SI unit of pressure is:
A. Newton
B. Pascal
C. Joule
D. Watt
View Answer
Pressure is measured in pascals (Pa), equal to one newton per square metre.
Q6. Which instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
A. Thermometer
B. Barometer
C. Hygrometer
D. Lactometer
View Answer
A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure.
Q7. Who gave the three Laws of Motion?
A. Albert Einstein
B. Isaac Newton
C. Galileo Galilei
D. Archimedes
View Answer
Sir Isaac Newton formulated the three Laws of Motion.
Q8. Which law explains the concept of inertia?
A. First Law of Motion
B. Second Law of Motion
C. Third Law of Motion
D. Law of Gravitation
View Answer
Newton’s First Law is also known as the Law of Inertia.
Q9. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. This is:
A. Newton’s First Law
B. Newton’s Second Law
C. Newton’s Third Law
D. Law of Gravitation
View Answer
Newton’s Third Law states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Q10. The force of attraction between two masses is called:
A. Friction
B. Magnetism
C. Gravitation
D. Pressure
View Answer
Gravitation is the mutual force of attraction between two masses.
Q11. Who discovered the Law of Gravitation?
A. Galileo
B. Isaac Newton
C. Faraday
D. Edison
View Answer
Sir Isaac Newton proposed the Universal Law of Gravitation.
Q12. The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately:
A. 8.9 m/s²
B. 9.8 m/s²
C. 10.8 m/s²
D. 11.8 m/s²
View Answer
The average acceleration due to gravity on Earth’s surface is about 9.8 m/s².
Q13. Speed is a:
A. Vector Quantity
B. Scalar Quantity
C. Both Scalar and Vector
D. None of these
View Answer
Speed has only magnitude and no direction, so it is a scalar quantity.
Q14. Velocity is a:
A. Scalar Quantity
B. Vector Quantity
C. Unit
D. Force
View Answer
Velocity has both magnitude and direction, making it a vector quantity.
Q15. Which quantity has both magnitude and direction?
A. Distance
B. Speed
C. Vector
D. Time
View Answer
Vector quantities possess both magnitude and direction.
Q16. Distance is a:
A. Vector Quantity
B. Scalar Quantity
C. Force
D. Energy
View Answer
Distance has only magnitude and no direction.
Q17. Displacement is a:
A. Scalar Quantity
B. Vector Quantity
C. Unit
D. Energy
View Answer
Displacement represents the shortest distance with direction.
Q18. The SI unit of temperature is:
A. Celsius
B. Fahrenheit
C. Kelvin
D. Joule
View Answer
Kelvin (K) is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature.
Q19. Which instrument is used to measure temperature?
A. Barometer
B. Hygrometer
C. Thermometer
D. Ammeter
View Answer
A thermometer is used to measure temperature.
Q20. Heat always flows from:
A. Cold body to hot body
B. Hot body to cold body
C. Low pressure to high pressure
D. Vacuum to matter
View Answer
Heat naturally flows from a body at higher temperature to one at lower temperature until thermal equilibrium is reached.
Q21. Which mode of heat transfer does not require a material medium?
A. Conduction
B. Convection
C. Radiation
D. Diffusion
View Answer
Radiation transfers heat through electromagnetic waves and can occur in a vacuum.
Q22. Which metal is the best conductor of electricity?
A. Copper
B. Aluminium
C. Silver
D. Iron
View Answer
Silver is the best conductor of electricity, though copper is more commonly used due to its lower cost.
Q23. Which metal is most commonly used for household electrical wiring?
A. Silver
B. Gold
C. Copper
D. Iron
View Answer
Copper has excellent electrical conductivity and is economical for wiring.
Q24. The SI unit of electric current is:
A. Volt
B. Watt
C. Ampere
D. Ohm
View Answer
Electric current is measured in amperes (A).
Q25. Which instrument is used to measure electric current?
A. Voltmeter
B. Ammeter
C. Galvanometer
D. Barometer
View Answer
An ammeter is connected in series to measure electric current.
Q26. Which instrument is used to measure electric potential difference?
A. Ammeter
B. Voltmeter
C. Ohmmeter
D. Hygrometer
View Answer
A voltmeter measures the potential difference between two points in a circuit.
Q27. The SI unit of potential difference is:
A. Ampere
B. Volt
C. Ohm
D. Watt
View Answer
Potential difference is measured in volts (V).
Q28. The SI unit of electrical resistance is:
A. Volt
B. Ohm
C. Ampere
D. Joule
View Answer
Electrical resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).
Q29. Which device protects electrical circuits from overload?
A. Capacitor
B. Electric Fuse
C. Transformer
D. Resistor
View Answer
A fuse melts when excessive current flows, protecting electrical appliances.
Q30. The commercial unit of electrical energy is:
A. Joule
B. Watt
C. Kilowatt-hour (kWh)
D. Volt
View Answer
Electricity bills are calculated in kilowatt-hours (units).
Q31. Which mirror is used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?
A. Concave Mirror
B. Convex Mirror
C. Plane Mirror
D. Cylindrical Mirror
View Answer
A convex mirror provides a wider field of view, making it ideal for rear-view mirrors.
Q32. Which mirror is used by dentists to examine teeth?
A. Plane Mirror
B. Convex Mirror
C. Concave Mirror
D. Glass Mirror
View Answer
A concave mirror forms a magnified image when the object is close to the mirror.
Q33. Which lens is used to correct myopia (short-sightedness)?
A. Convex Lens
B. Concave Lens
C. Cylindrical Lens
D. Bifocal Lens
View Answer
A concave lens diverges light rays and corrects myopia.
Q34. Which lens is used to correct hypermetropia (long-sightedness)?
A. Concave Lens
B. Convex Lens
C. Plane Lens
D. Cylindrical Lens
View Answer
A convex lens converges light rays and corrects hypermetropia.
Q35. The speed of light in vacuum is approximately:
A. 3 × 10⁶ m/s
B. 3 × 10⁷ m/s
C. 3 × 10⁸ m/s
D. 3 × 10⁹ m/s
View Answer
The speed of light in vacuum is about 300,000 km/s or 3 × 10⁸ m/s.
Q36. Which colour of light has the longest wavelength?
A. Violet
B. Blue
C. Green
D. Red
View Answer
Red light has the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency in the visible spectrum.
Q37. Which colour has the shortest wavelength?
A. Red
B. Yellow
C. Violet
D. Orange
View Answer
Violet light has the shortest wavelength and the highest frequency in the visible spectrum.
Q38. Which phenomenon is responsible for the formation of a rainbow?
A. Reflection only
B. Refraction only
C. Dispersion of light
D. Diffraction
View Answer
A rainbow is formed due to refraction, internal reflection and dispersion of sunlight in water droplets.
Q39. Which colour deviates the most during dispersion?
A. Red
B. Green
C. Yellow
D. Violet
View Answer
Violet light deviates the most because it has the shortest wavelength.
Q40. Which colour deviates the least during dispersion?
A. Red
B. Blue
C. Indigo
D. Violet
View Answer
Red light deviates the least because it has the longest wavelength among visible colours.
Q41. Sound travels fastest in:
A. Air
B. Water
C. Vacuum
D. Solids
View Answer
Sound travels fastest in solids because the particles are closely packed.
Q42. Sound cannot travel through:
A. Air
B. Water
C. Steel
D. Vacuum
View Answer
Sound requires a material medium for propagation and cannot travel through a vacuum.
Q43. The SI unit of frequency is:
A. Decibel
B. Hertz
C. Joule
D. Watt
View Answer
Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz), which represents one cycle per second.
Q44. Which instrument is used to measure earthquake waves?
A. Barometer
B. Seismograph
C. Thermometer
D. Ammeter
View Answer
A seismograph records seismic waves generated during earthquakes.
Q45. The loudness of sound is measured in:
A. Hertz
B. Newton
C. Decibel
D. Joule
View Answer
The intensity or loudness of sound is expressed in decibels (dB).
Q46. Which phenomenon causes an echo?
A. Refraction
B. Reflection of sound
C. Diffraction
D. Interference
View Answer
An echo is produced when sound waves are reflected from a distant surface.
Q47. Which electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength?
A. Gamma Rays
B. X-rays
C. Radio Waves
D. Ultraviolet Rays
View Answer
Radio waves have the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Q48. Which electromagnetic wave has the shortest wavelength?
A. Infrared Rays
B. X-rays
C. Gamma Rays
D. Radio Waves
View Answer
Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and the highest frequency.
Q49. Which rays are commonly used to detect bone fractures?
A. Radio Waves
B. Infrared Rays
C. X-rays
D. Microwaves
View Answer
X-rays can penetrate soft tissues but are absorbed by bones, making them useful for medical imaging.
Q50. Which rays are used in television remote controls?
A. Ultraviolet Rays
B. Infrared Rays
C. Gamma Rays
D. X-rays
View Answer
TV remote controls transmit signals using infrared radiation.
Q51. Which rays are mainly responsible for sunburn?
A. Infrared Rays
B. Radio Waves
C. Ultraviolet Rays
D. Microwaves
View Answer
Ultraviolet (UV) rays can damage skin cells and cause sunburn.
Q52. Which electromagnetic waves are used for cooking in microwave ovens?
A. Radio Waves
B. Microwaves
C. Infrared Rays
D. X-rays
View Answer
Microwaves heat food by causing water molecules to vibrate rapidly.
Q53. Who discovered the electron?
A. Ernest Rutherford
B. J. J. Thomson
C. James Chadwick
D. Niels Bohr
View Answer
J. J. Thomson discovered the electron in 1897 through cathode ray experiments.
Q54. Who discovered the proton?
A. James Chadwick
B. Ernest Rutherford
C. J. J. Thomson
D. Albert Einstein
View Answer
Ernest Rutherford is credited with the discovery of the proton.
Q55. Who discovered the neutron?
A. Niels Bohr
B. Ernest Rutherford
C. James Chadwick
D. Michael Faraday
View Answer
James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932.
Q56. Who proposed the nuclear model of the atom?
A. Dalton
B. Thomson
C. Rutherford
D. Bohr
View Answer
Rutherford proposed the nuclear model after the famous gold foil experiment.
Q57. Which scientist proposed the planetary model of the atom?
A. J. J. Thomson
B. Niels Bohr
C. John Dalton
D. James Chadwick
View Answer
Bohr proposed that electrons revolve around the nucleus in fixed energy levels.
Q58. Which particle has a negative charge?
A. Proton
B. Neutron
C. Electron
D. Alpha Particle
View Answer
Electrons carry a negative electric charge.
Q59. Which particle has no electric charge?
A. Electron
B. Proton
C. Neutron
D. Positron
View Answer
Neutrons are electrically neutral particles present in the nucleus.
Q60. Which particle determines the atomic number of an element?
A. Electron
B. Neutron
C. Proton
D. Photon
View Answer
The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons present in its nucleus.
Q61. Which scientist discovered electromagnetic induction?
A. Isaac Newton
B. Michael Faraday
C. Thomas Edison
D. James Watt
View Answer
Michael Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction in 1831, which forms the basis of electric generators.
Q62. Which device converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?
A. Electric Motor
B. Generator
C. Transformer
D. Battery
View Answer
A generator produces electricity using the principle of electromagnetic induction.
Q63. Which device converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?
A. Generator
B. Electric Motor
C. Dynamo
D. Transformer
View Answer
An electric motor works on the principle that a current-carrying conductor experiences a force in a magnetic field.
Q64. Which scientist is known as the Father of Electricity?
A. Michael Faraday
B. Benjamin Franklin
C. Alessandro Volta
D. James Clerk Maxwell
View Answer
Benjamin Franklin’s experiments with electricity earned him the title “Father of Electricity.”
Q65. Which device is used to increase or decrease AC voltage?
A. Generator
B. Motor
C. Transformer
D. Capacitor
View Answer
A transformer changes the voltage level of alternating current (AC).
Q66. Which type of current is supplied to homes in India?
A. Direct Current (DC)
B. Alternating Current (AC)
C. Pulsating Current
D. Static Current
View Answer
Electricity supplied to homes is alternating current because it is efficient for long-distance transmission.
Q67. Which type of current is supplied by a battery?
A. Alternating Current
B. Direct Current
C. Both AC and DC
D. Induced Current
View Answer
Batteries supply direct current (DC), where current flows in one direction only.
Q68. Which device stores electrical energy?
A. Capacitor
B. Generator
C. Transformer
D. Motor
View Answer
A capacitor stores electrical charge and energy in an electric field.
Q69. Which material is attracted strongly by a magnet?
A. Copper
B. Aluminium
C. Iron
D. Plastic
View Answer
Iron is a ferromagnetic material and is strongly attracted by magnets.
Q70. Like poles of a magnet:
A. Attract each other
B. Repel each other
C. Produce electricity
D. Have no effect
View Answer
Like poles repel each other, while unlike poles attract.
Q71. Unlike poles of a magnet:
A. Repel each other
B. Attract each other
C. Become neutral
D. Produce heat
View Answer
Opposite poles of a magnet attract each other.
Q72. Which of the following is a magnetic material?
A. Wood
B. Rubber
C. Nickel
D. Glass
View Answer
Nickel, iron and cobalt are common magnetic materials.
Q73. Which scientist discovered radioactivity?
A. Marie Curie
B. Henri Becquerel
C. Ernest Rutherford
D. James Chadwick
View Answer
Henri Becquerel discovered natural radioactivity in 1896.
Q74. Who discovered radium?
A. Albert Einstein
B. Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
C. Ernest Rutherford
D. Michael Faraday
View Answer
Marie Curie and Pierre Curie discovered radium in 1898.
Q75. Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of:
A. Heat only
B. Sound only
C. Radiation
D. Electricity only
View Answer
Radioactive substances emit alpha, beta and gamma radiations spontaneously.
Q76. Which radiation has the highest penetrating power?
A. Alpha Rays
B. Beta Rays
C. Gamma Rays
D. Infrared Rays
View Answer
Gamma rays have the highest penetrating power among radioactive radiations.
Q77. Which radiation has the least penetrating power?
A. Alpha Rays
B. Beta Rays
C. Gamma Rays
D. X-rays
View Answer
Alpha particles can be stopped by a sheet of paper or even the outer layer of human skin.
Q78. Which radiation carries no electric charge?
A. Alpha Rays
B. Beta Rays
C. Gamma Rays
D. Alpha and Beta Rays
View Answer
Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves and have no mass or electric charge.
Q79. Which energy source is renewable?
A. Coal
B. Petroleum
C. Solar Energy
D. Natural Gas
View Answer
Solar energy is continuously replenished by the Sun and is a renewable energy source.
Q80. Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy?
A. Wind Energy
B. Solar Energy
C. Coal
D. Hydroelectric Energy
View Answer
Coal is a fossil fuel that takes millions of years to form and cannot be replenished quickly.
Q81. Which renewable energy source uses moving air to generate electricity?
A. Solar Energy
B. Wind Energy
C. Geothermal Energy
D. Tidal Energy
View Answer
Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of moving air into electrical energy.
Q82. Which renewable energy source uses flowing water to generate electricity?
A. Hydroelectric Energy
B. Coal Energy
C. Nuclear Energy
D. Petroleum Energy
View Answer
Hydroelectric power plants use the energy of flowing or falling water to generate electricity.
Q83. Which scientist proposed the Theory of Relativity?
A. Isaac Newton
B. Albert Einstein
C. Galileo Galilei
D. Niels Bohr
View Answer
Albert Einstein proposed the Special and General Theories of Relativity, revolutionizing modern physics.
Q84. The speed of light was first measured by:
A. Ole Rømer
B. Isaac Newton
C. Michael Faraday
D. James Clerk Maxwell
View Answer
Ole Rømer made the first quantitative measurement of the speed of light in 1676 using observations of Jupiter’s moon Io.
Q85. Which scientist discovered electromagnetic waves experimentally?
A. Heinrich Hertz
B. Michael Faraday
C. Isaac Newton
D. Thomas Edison
View Answer
Heinrich Hertz experimentally proved the existence of electromagnetic waves predicted by Maxwell.
Q86. The SI unit of frequency is:
A. Newton
B. Joule
C. Hertz
D. Volt
View Answer
Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz), representing one cycle per second.
Q87. Which colour of sunlight is scattered the most in the atmosphere?
A. Red
B. Yellow
C. Blue
D. Green
View Answer
Blue light has a shorter wavelength and is scattered more than other visible colours, making the sky appear blue.
Q88. The blue colour of the sky is due to:
A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Scattering of light
D. Dispersion
View Answer
The atmosphere scatters shorter wavelengths of sunlight more effectively, causing the sky to appear blue.
Q89. Which phenomenon makes stars appear to twinkle?
A. Reflection
B. Atmospheric Refraction
C. Diffraction
D. Dispersion
View Answer
Twinkling occurs because light from stars is continuously refracted by different layers of the Earth’s atmosphere.
Q90. A rainbow is formed due to:
A. Reflection only
B. Refraction only
C. Dispersion, Refraction and Internal Reflection
D. Diffraction only
View Answer
A rainbow forms when sunlight is refracted, internally reflected and dispersed inside water droplets.
Q91. Which simple machine is used to draw water from a well?
A. Lever
B. Pulley
C. Wedge
D. Screw
View Answer
A pulley changes the direction of force and makes lifting loads easier.
Q92. Which simple machine is used in a knife?
A. Pulley
B. Lever
C. Wedge
D. Wheel and Axle
View Answer
A knife is an example of a wedge, which is used for cutting and splitting objects.
Q93. Which simple machine is a seesaw?
A. Lever
B. Pulley
C. Inclined Plane
D. Screw
View Answer
A seesaw is a classic example of a first-class lever.
Q94. Which gas is commonly used in electric bulbs?
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
C. Argon
D. Hydrogen
View Answer
Argon, an inert gas, is filled inside incandescent bulbs to protect the tungsten filament.
Q95. The filament of an electric bulb is made of:
A. Copper
B. Iron
C. Tungsten
D. Aluminium
View Answer
Tungsten has a very high melting point, making it suitable for bulb filaments.
Q96. Which metal is used for making heating elements in electric irons and heaters?
A. Copper
B. Aluminium
C. Nichrome
D. Silver
View Answer
Nichrome has high electrical resistance and can withstand high temperatures.
Q97. Which law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed?
A. Newton’s First Law
B. Law of Conservation of Energy
C. Ohm’s Law
D. Boyle’s Law
View Answer
Energy can only change from one form to another; its total amount remains constant.
Q98. Which scientist formulated Ohm’s Law?
A. Georg Simon Ohm
B. Michael Faraday
C. James Watt
D. André-Marie Ampère
View Answer
Ohm’s Law states that current is directly proportional to voltage when temperature remains constant.
Q99. Which physical quantity is measured in watts?
A. Energy
B. Power
C. Force
D. Pressure
View Answer
Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred, and its SI unit is the watt.
Q100. Which branch of Physics deals with electricity, magnetism, light and modern physics?
A. Mechanics
B. Thermodynamics
C. Electromagnetism
D. Optics
View Answer
Electromagnetism is the branch of physics that studies electric and magnetic phenomena and forms the basis of many modern technologies.
These 100 Physics MCQ Questions with Answers cover the most important topics for SSC, Railway, Banking, Police, Defence and other competitive examinations. The questions include motion, force, work, energy, heat, light, sound, electricity, magnetism, modern physics, simple machines and important scientific discoveries. Regular practice of these MCQs will strengthen your concepts, improve your accuracy and help you score better in the General Science section of competitive exams.